When preparing samples for X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, the size of the pellets is a critical factor that affects the accuracy and efficiency of the analysis.
The common sizes for round XRF pellets are 32 mm and 40 mm in diameter.
These sizes are preferred because they provide a larger sample surface, which enhances the quality of the analysis by ensuring better accuracy, repeatability, and consistency of results.
Standard Sizes for XRF Pellets
The most common sizes for round XRF pellets are 32 mm and 40 mm in diameter.
These sizes are widely accepted and used in various types of XRF spectrometers.
The choice between 32 mm and 40 mm often depends on the specific requirements of the spectrometer and the nature of the sample being analyzed.
Importance of Pellet Size
A larger sample surface is usually preferred in XRF analysis to ensure better accuracy and repeatability.
The 32 mm and 40 mm diameters provide sufficient surface area for the X-rays to interact with the sample, leading to more reliable and consistent results.
Sample Preparation and Pellet Formation
Samples for XRF analysis are typically milled to a fine powder to ensure consistent particle size.
This fine powder is then pressed into pellets using a die.
The standard method involves using a crushable aluminum support cup to hold the sample.
The pellets are formed under high pressure, usually between 10-20 tonnes, but sometimes up to 40 tonnes for very difficult samples.
Thickness and Escape Depth
The thickness of the pellet is crucial to ensure that it is greater than the escape depth of the highest energy element being measured.
Typically, a pellet made with 8-10g of sample for a 32 mm diameter or 13-15g of sample for a 40 mm diameter will be sufficiently thick for most elements measurable by powerful WDXRF instruments.
Automation and Efficiency
For labs requiring high sample throughput, automated systems like the APEX 400 press are available.
This press completely automates the pellet ejection step, allowing the operator to focus on other tasks and increasing overall lab efficiency.
Contamination Considerations
Contamination during sample preparation can significantly affect the quality of XRF analysis.
It is essential to minimize contamination from the sample preparation device and prevent cross-contamination between samples.
Using appropriate binding agents like cellulose or boric acid can help in reducing contamination.
In summary, the standard sizes for XRF pellets are 32 mm and 40 mm in diameter.
These sizes are chosen to provide a larger sample surface, ensuring better accuracy and repeatability in XRF analysis.
Proper sample preparation, including milling to a fine powder and pressing under appropriate pressure, is crucial for forming high-quality pellets.
Automation tools like the APEX 400 press can enhance lab efficiency, while careful attention to contamination prevention is essential for reliable results.
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