KBr is used for making pellets to do IR measurements because it becomes plastic under pressure, forms a transparent sheet in the infrared region, and is transparent to infrared light. This allows for accurate and reliable IR spectroscopy with high resolution and good intensity.
Firstly, KBr is an alkali halide that exhibits a unique property of becoming plastic when subjected to pressure. This property enables it to form a sheet that is transparent in the infrared region, making it an ideal material for creating pellets used in IR spectroscopy. The transparency of the KBr sheet allows infrared radiation to pass through it, which is crucial for obtaining accurate and reliable measurements.
Secondly, KBr is transparent to infrared light, which is a key factor in its use for making pellets for IR measurements. When preparing a KBr pellet, typically only 1% of the sample material is added to the KBr salt. This ensures that the sample does not block the path of the infrared light, allowing for an accurate comparison of light passing through the system with and without the sample in place. This method provides a practical way to obtain the right amount of sample in the system for reliable IR spectroscopy.
Lastly, the use of KBr in pellet preparation is essential for achieving high-quality IR spectra. The sample must be transparent to IR radiation to allow the radiation to pass through it, resulting in sharp peaks, good intensity, and high resolution. Salts like KBr, NaCl, and AgCl are commonly used for mixing with the sample to obtain accurate IR spectra.
In summary, KBr is used for making pellets for IR measurements due to its unique properties, including its ability to become plastic under pressure, form a transparent sheet in the infrared region, and be transparent to infrared light. These factors contribute to the accurate and reliable measurement of IR spectra with high resolution and good intensity.
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