The gas used in brazing welding can vary depending on the specific application and materials being joined. While acetylene gas is commonly used as the fuel for gas welding, braze welding can be performed with other fuel gases such as propane, natural gas, propylene, as well as acetylene.
In controlled atmosphere brazing, an exothermic hydrogen atmosphere is commonly used. This atmosphere consists of small amounts of hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO). It helps reduce surface oxides, especially on soft or low carbon steels. The presence of hydrogen improves the wetting properties of the base material, allowing better flow of the filler material and reducing the possibility of soot generation.
Dissociated ammonia, which is a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen, is another gas used for brazing. It is particularly useful for brazing stainless steel or other nickel alloys.
In the vacuum brazing process, instead of using a protective and deoxidizing inert gas like hydrogen, the brazing is performed at high temperatures and in a vacuum environment with very low pressures. This clean process helps deoxidize the metals being brazed and eliminates reactions that could occur in other gases. It is especially effective for removing hydrogen gas from materials like stainless steel.
Other gases and atmospheres used in brazing include nitrogen, which displaces air/oxygen in the furnace atmosphere and is excellent for copper, and inert gases like helium and argon, which are used in brazing metals and ceramics.
In summary, the gas used in brazing welding can vary depending on the specific requirements of the application. Acetylene, propane, natural gas, and propylene are commonly used as fuel gases. Exothermic hydrogen and dissociated ammonia are used in controlled atmosphere brazing, while vacuum brazing is performed in a vacuum environment. Nitrogen and inert gases like helium and argon are also used in brazing.
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