The process of vacuum arc degassing (VAD) is used in the production of stainless steels. It involves the use of a tank degasser with electrodes installed, similar to a ladle furnace. This setup allows for arc heating under vacuum conditions.
During the production of metals, such as molten steel, excess gases can become infused in the material. Vacuum degassing is a method used to remove dissolved gases from the liquid metal. By lowering the pressure inside a container that holds the liquid, the gas becomes less soluble and separates from the melted metal. This process helps to reduce the gas content, particularly hydrogen and carbon, as well as reducing non-metallic inclusions.
The vacuum arc degassing process involves the following steps:
1. Prepare the material: The material is prepared by mixing or stirring it to ensure that any trapped gas is released.
2. Place the material in a vacuum chamber: The material is placed in a vacuum chamber, ensuring that it is covered by the liquid or solid.
3. Connect the vacuum pump: The vacuum pump is connected to the chamber, ensuring a tight seal.
4. Apply vacuum: The vacuum pump is turned on, and vacuum is applied to the chamber. This allows the gas to escape from the material.
5. Monitor the process: The process is monitored by observing the material and the vacuum gauge. Once the desired level of degassing is achieved, the vacuum is turned off and released.
The vacuum arc degassing process helps to remove dissolved gases, improve oxide cleanliness, and achieve directional solidification of the material. It is a crucial step in the production of advanced steels and superalloys for demanding applications like aerospace or nuclear industries.
In summary, vacuum arc degassing is a method used to remove dissolved gases from molten metals by subjecting them to a vacuum. This process helps to improve the quality and performance of the metal by reducing gas content and non-metallic inclusions.
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