A single punch tablet machine, also known as an eccentric or single station press, is a type of tablet press that utilizes a single station of tooling composed of a pair of upper and lower punches and a die. In this machine, the lower punch remains stationary while the upper punch exerts the entirety of the compression force to create the tablets. Due to their hammer-like motions, single punch tablet presses are categorized as a stamping process.
The basic structure of a single punch tablet press consists of several key components:
- Hopper: This is the area that holds the powder mixture prior to compression.
- Die Cavity: The area where compression occurs, and its shape determines the tablet’s size and diameter.
- Punches: These are the components which compress the powder mixture. The upper punch moves to exert force, while the lower punch stays stationary.
- Dosing Plow: This mechanism pushes a small, precise amount of product into the die cavity.
- Ejection Cam: This component pushes the bottom punch upwards, ejecting the finished tablet from the die cavity.
The working principle of a single punch tablet press involves a two-step action. First, the bottom punch is lowered into the die, creating a cavity. The dosing plow then fills this cavity with the powder mixture. The top punch then descends to compress the powder. High force is applied to bond the granulated material and form a hard tablet. After compression, the lower punch raises to eject the tablet out of the die cavity.
Single punch tablet presses are typically used for research and development or small batch production due to their simplicity and precision in filling and compression processes. They are suitable for various industries including pharmaceutical, chemical, food, and metallurgy, and can produce tablets of different shapes and sizes.
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