Pyrolysis is a process where materials are heated in the absence of oxygen to produce various products. The temperature range for this process can vary significantly depending on the specific process and the desired products.
4 Key Types of Pyrolysis Explained
1. Slow Pyrolysis
Slow pyrolysis involves lengthy solids and gas residence times.
Temperatures are kept low, and biomass heating rates are slow.
Heating temperatures range from 0.1 to 2 °C per second.
Prevailing temperatures are typically around 500°C.
Gas residence time may exceed five seconds.
Biomass residence time can range from minutes to days.
Tar and char are the main products released as biomass is slowly devolatilized.
Repolymerization/recombination reactions occur after primary reactions.
2. Flash Pyrolysis
Flash pyrolysis occurs at rapid heating rates.
Temperatures range between 400 and 600 °C.
Vapor residence time is less than 2 seconds.
Produces fewer amounts of gas and tar compared to slow pyrolysis.
3. Fast Pyrolysis
Fast pyrolysis is primarily used to produce bio-oil and gas.
Biomass is rapidly heated to temperatures of 650 to 1000 °C.
Char accumulates in large quantities and needs frequent removal.
4. Special Reactor for Flash Pyrolysis
A special reactor is required for flash pyrolysis.
Operates in an oxygen-free atmosphere.
Temperature range is between 475 and 550°C.
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