The temperature for furnace sintering can vary significantly depending on the specific materials and processes involved. For normal sintering applications, furnaces typically operate at temperatures up to 2100°F (1100°C), as mentioned in the reference. These are usually continuous-belt furnaces that convey parts through the furnace on an alloy belt.
However, for high-temperature sintering, which is necessary for certain metal alloys, the temperatures can exceed 2191°F (1200°C). This type of sintering requires specialized furnaces equipped with refractory heating elements and thermally-resistant insulation to manage the higher temperatures effectively. The reference suggests that high-temperature sintering for iron-heavy materials might occur at around 100-250°F hotter than the standard sintering temperature, which is typically 2050°F for these materials.
Furthermore, the reference categorizes vacuum hot pressing sintering furnaces based on their operating temperatures:
- For temperatures up to 800°C, common heating elements include iron chromium aluminum and nickel chromium wire, with high-temperature aluminum silicate insulation felt.
- For temperatures between 1000°C and 1600°C, heating elements like metal molybdenum, silicon molybdenum rod, silicon carbon rod, and graphite rod are used, along with insulation materials such as composite carbon felt, mullite felt, and graphite felt.
- For very high temperatures up to 2400°C, graphite tube, tungsten, or induction heating methods are employed, with graphite felt as the insulation material.
In summary, furnace sintering temperatures can range from 2100°F (1100°C) for normal applications to over 2191°F (1200°C) for high-temperature sintering, with specific adjustments and equipment configurations based on the materials and desired outcomes.
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