The choice of frequency for induction heating depends on the specific application, the size of the workpiece, and the desired depth of heat treatment. The frequency range typically used in induction heating varies from low to high, each suited for different applications and workpiece sizes.
Low Frequency (Medium Frequency) Induction Heating: The frequency range for medium frequency induction heating is generally between 1kHz and 10kHz. This frequency band is suitable for large-size workpieces due to its larger penetration depth of the induced current. It is commonly used for processes like large tempering, quenching, tempering, heating, and annealing of large workpieces such as modular gears, large diameter thick wall pipes, and large shafts. This frequency is also effective for hot forging, smelting, and quenching of large layer depths.
Super Audio Frequency Induction Heating: The working frequency for super audio frequency induction heating is mainly between 6kHz and 60kHz. This frequency band is characterized by its lack of operating noise and a current transmission depth of over 2mm. It is ideal for applications such as brazing and small-size hot forging, particularly suitable for hardening operations with a layer depth of about 2 to 4mm.
High Frequency Induction Heating: High frequency induction heating operates at frequencies primarily between 60kHz and 200kHz. The current penetration depth is less than 2mm, making it suitable for brazing, hot forging of small sizes (typically round bars below 15mm), and quenching operations with a layer depth of about 1 to 2mm. This frequency is also used for smelting smaller quantities of materials, such as 1-5 kg of precious metals, due to its fast heating capabilities and compact size.
High-Frequency Induction Heating (Very High Frequency): In some specialized applications, induction heating can operate at very high frequencies, typically between 100kHz and 500kHz. This is particularly suitable for small and medium-sized parts that require a thin hardened layer, such as small module gears and small to medium-sized shafts. The effective hardening depth in this frequency range is 0.5 to 2 mm.
In summary, the choice of frequency in induction heating is critical as it directly affects the penetration depth, heating efficiency, and the size and type of workpiece that can be effectively treated. Lower frequencies are better for larger, deeper heat treatments, while higher frequencies are suitable for smaller, more precise applications with shallow hardening depths.
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