Tech Team · Kintek Solution

Particle size analysis is a critical process in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, food, and materials science. The choice of equipment depends on the sample material, expected particle sizes, and the scope of the examination. Common methods include sieve analysis, direct image analysis (static or dynamic), static light scattering (SLS), also known as laser diffraction (LD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Each method has its own advantages and limitations, making them suitable for different applications.

Key Points Explained:

1. Sieve Analysis:

   • Description: Sieve analysis is the traditional and most commonly used method for particle size analysis. It involves passing a sample through a series of sieves with progressively smaller mesh sizes.
   • Equipment: Sieve shakers and a set of sieves with specific mesh sizes.
   • Range: Can measure solid particles ranging in size from 125 mm down to 20 μm.
   • Applications: Widely used in industries such as construction, mining, and agriculture for analyzing coarse materials.

2. Direct Image Analysis:

   • Description: This method involves capturing images of particles using a microscope or other imaging devices and then analyzing these images to determine particle size and shape.
   • Types: Can be static (capturing images of stationary particles) or dynamic (capturing images of particles in motion).
   • Equipment: Microscopes, cameras, and image analysis software.
   • Applications: Useful for analyzing particles that are difficult to measure using other methods, such as fibers or irregularly shaped particles.

3. Static Light Scattering (SLS) / Laser Diffraction (LD):

   • Description: This method measures the scattering pattern of a laser beam as it passes through a dispersed particle sample. The scattering pattern is then used to calculate the particle size distribution.
   • Equipment: Laser diffraction particle size analyzers.
   • Range: Typically measures particles in the range of 0.1 μm to 3 mm.
   • Applications: Commonly used in pharmaceuticals, food, and cosmetics industries for analyzing fine powders and emulsions.

4. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS):

   • Description: DLS measures the fluctuations in the intensity of scattered light caused by the Brownian motion of particles in a suspension. These fluctuations are used to determine the particle size distribution.
   • Equipment: Dynamic light scattering analyzers.
   • Range: Best suited for particles in the range of 1 nm to 1 μm.
   • Applications: Ideal for analyzing nanoparticles, proteins, and other small particles in suspension.

5. Considerations for Choosing the Right Method:

   • Sample Material: The physical and chemical properties of the sample can influence the choice of method. For example, sieve analysis is suitable for dry, free-flowing powders, while DLS is better for suspensions.
   • Expected Particle Sizes: The size range of the particles in the sample is a critical factor. For instance, DLS is ideal for nanoparticles, while sieve analysis is better for larger particles.
   • Scope of Examination: The level of detail required in the analysis can also influence the choice. Direct image analysis provides detailed information on particle shape and size, while laser diffraction offers a quick and broad size distribution.

In summary, the choice of equipment for particle size analysis depends on various factors, including the sample material, expected particle sizes, and the scope of the examination. Each method has its own strengths and is suited to different types of samples and applications. Understanding these factors can help in selecting the most appropriate method for accurate and reliable particle size analysis.

Summary Table:

Method	Description	Equipment	Range	Applications
Sieve Analysis	Passes sample through sieves with progressively smaller mesh sizes.	Sieve shakers, sieves	125 mm to 20 μm	Construction, mining, agriculture (coarse materials)
Direct Image Analysis	Captures and analyzes particle images using microscopes or imaging devices.	Microscopes, cameras, image software	Varies	Fibers, irregularly shaped particles
SLS / Laser Diffraction	Measures laser scattering patterns to calculate particle size distribution.	Laser diffraction analyzers	0.1 μm to 3 mm	Pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics (fine powders, emulsions)
Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS)	Measures light fluctuations from Brownian motion to determine particle size.	DLS analyzers	1 nm to 1 μm	Nanoparticles, proteins, suspensions

Need help selecting the right particle size analysis method for your application? Contact our experts today!