KBr is widely used in FTIR spectroscopy due to its unique properties that make it an ideal matrix material for accurate and reliable analysis.
5 Key Reasons Why KBr is Essential in FTIR Spectroscopy
1. Transparency in Mid-Infrared Region
KBr is transparent in the mid-infrared region, which is the same region used by FTIR spectroscopy to analyze samples.
This transparency ensures that the infrared light can pass through the KBr matrix without significant absorption.
It allows for clear detection of the sample's absorption patterns.
The transparency of KBr in the mid-infrared region makes it an ideal matrix material for FTIR analysis.
It does not interfere with the detection of the sample's chemical bonds and their vibrations.
2. Formation of Stable Pellets
KBr can be easily pressed into a stable, transparent pellet using a hydraulic press.
This pellet formation process is crucial as it allows for the uniform distribution of the sample within the matrix.
The plasticity of KBr under pressure enables it to form a sheet that is transparent in the infrared region.
It makes it suitable for creating pellets that can be used in FTIR spectroscopy.
3. Low Absorption of KBr
KBr has a low absorption in the region where most samples absorb.
This means it does not significantly interfere with the sample's absorption patterns.
The low absorption characteristic is beneficial for analyzing samples that have strong infrared absorption bands.
It ensures that the FTIR measurements are primarily influenced by the sample's absorption patterns rather than the matrix material.
4. Hydroscopic Nature of KBr
KBr is hydroscopic, meaning it can absorb water from the air.
This property requires careful handling and storage to prevent moisture absorption.
To mitigate the effects of moisture absorption, KBr can be prepared and pressed in a glovebox or using a vacuum die.
This is especially important in humid environments or when the samples will have a long exposure time in air.
5. Practical Sample Concentration
The use of KBr pellets allows for the incorporation of just 1% sample by weight.
This ensures that the sample does not block the path of the infrared light.
The small sample concentration in KBr pellets ensures that the FTIR system can effectively compare the light passing through the system with and without the sample.
It leads to accurate and reliable analysis.
In summary, KBr is used in FTIR spectroscopy due to its transparency in the mid-infrared region, its ability to form stable, transparent pellets, its low absorption in the region where most samples absorb, and its practical sample concentration. These properties make KBr an ideal matrix material for accurate and reliable FTIR analysis of various samples.
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