Learn how to select an oil-free diaphragm pump by evaluating vacuum level, flow rate, chemical compatibility, and total cost of ownership for your lab.
Learn how lab evaporators like rotovaps use vacuum and rotation to remove solvents at low temperatures, protecting sensitive compounds during concentration.
Learn the 3-step process to generate plasma for sputtering: creating a vacuum, introducing inert gas, and applying a high voltage for controlled ionization.
Learn how magnetron sputtering uses magnetic fields to trap electrons, creating a dense plasma for faster, purer, and more efficient thin-film deposition.
Learn how sputtering pressure controls film density, adhesion, and stress by dictating atomic energy. Optimize your process for high-density or conformal coatings.
Learn how electron beam technology uses high-velocity electrons in a vacuum for precise material deposition and machining, ideal for high-value applications.
Learn how magnetron sputtering uses magnetic fields to create high-quality, uniform thin films for optics, electronics, and temperature-sensitive substrates.
Learn the critical magnetron sputtering parameters—gas pressure, power, magnetic field, and flow rate—to control deposition rate, film purity, and uniformity.
Learn how high-pressure reactors enable the synthesis of Cd/CdIn2S4@Chitosan quantum dots through precise solvothermal temperature and pressure control.
Discover how high-pressure hydrogen reactors control metal activation, zero-valent nanoparticle conversion, and catalyst morphology on magnetic supports.