Faqs - Thin-Layer Spectral Electrolysis Electrochemical Cell

How Are Wafers And Electrodes Configured Within A Pecvd System? Mastering Parallel-Plate Architecture
Learn the essentials of PECVD electrode configuration, from parallel-plate design to plasma generation for uniform thin-film deposition.
Can The Material Of The Electrode Clamp In The In-Situ Raman Electrolytic Cell Be Customized? Tailor Your Research.
Discover customization options for in-situ Raman electrolytic cell electrode clamps, including platinum, copper, titanium, and glassy carbon.
What Types Of Electrodes Are Used In The All-Ptfe Electrolytic Cell System? Optimize Your Electrochemical Analysis
Learn about the three-electrode architecture—Working, Counter, and Reference—used in all-PTFE electrolytic cells for high-precision research.
How Does A Three-Electrode Electrochemical Workstation Assess Ta10 Titanium Corrosion? Expert Testing Insights
Learn how three-electrode workstations use OCP, EIS, and polarization curves to measure TA10 titanium alloy corrosion resistance and stability.
Why Are High-Purity Platinum Electrodes Used In Water Splitting? Ensure Peak Catalytic Performance And Data Accuracy
Learn why high-purity platinum electrodes are essential for photoelectrochemical water splitting due to low overpotential and chemical stability.
Why Is Platinum (Pt) Used As The Counter Electrode For Hea Corrosion? Ensure Precise Signal Isolation & Accuracy
Learn why Platinum is the gold standard for High-Entropy Alloy corrosion testing, offering chemical inertness and superior electrical conductivity.
Why Is Platinum Foil Selected As The Counter Electrode (Ce) During Electrochemical Corrosion Testing Of Tisicn Coatings?
Learn why platinum foil is the ideal counter electrode for TiSiCN coating tests, offering chemical inertness and superior electrical conductivity.
What Is The Function Of Spiral-Wound Electrodes In Low-Concentration Wastewater? Maximize Your Metal Recovery Efficiency
Learn how spiral-wound electrodes overcome mass transfer limits to achieve complete metal recovery from dilute wastewater streams.
What Is A Growth Cell And What Are Its Essential Components In The Hpht Process? Master Diamond Synthesis Core
Learn about the HPHT growth cell, the core reaction chamber where diamond seed, graphite, and metal catalysts transform into lab-grown gemstones.
What Are The Specific Functions Of The Platinum Electrode And Ag/Agcl Electrode? Optimizing Electrochemical Testing
Learn the vital roles of Platinum as a Counter Electrode and Ag/AgCl as a Reference Electrode in maintaining precision in electrochemical cells.
How Do Stainless Steel Components Function As Consumables In Assb Testing? Ensure Optimal Electrical & Mechanical Performance
Learn why stainless steel cylinders and spacers are vital current collectors and mechanical supports for all-solid-state battery testing.
What Is The Significance Of Using A Platinum Electrode As A Counter Electrode? Ensure High-Purity Bi2O3-Go Synthesis
Learn why platinum electrodes are essential for Bi2O3-GO thin film synthesis, offering chemical stability and high conductivity for pure results.
Why Are Ptfe Beakers Required For Hafnium Metal Icp-Oes Validation? Ensure Pure Sample Dissolution
Learn why PTFE beakers are essential for hafnium dissolution using HF acid to prevent contamination and ensure accurate ICP-OES validation results.
Why Must A Photoelectrochemical Battery System Be Equipped With A Precision Circulating Water Bath? Ensure Accuracy.
Learn why precision circulating water baths are essential for thermal management, data validity, and safety in photoelectrochemical systems.
How Does Hydrothermal Temperature Affect Zro2? Optimize Crystal Structure & Particle Uniformity
Learn how temperatures above 150°C drive phase transformation and uniform particle size in zirconium dioxide nanoparticle synthesis.
Why Is A High-Purity Graphite Rod Preferred As A Counter Electrode? Ensure Uncontaminated Electrochemical Analysis
Learn why high-purity graphite rods are the top choice for counter electrodes, offering chemical inertness and preventing metal ion contamination.
How Does A Stainless Steel Conductive Rod Support Cathode Operations? Essential Tips For Ffc Electrolysis Success
Learn how stainless steel conductive rods provide mechanical support and electrical transmission in FFC electrolysis for metallic reduction.
Why Is It Necessary To Use An Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor Before Yeast Flow Cytometry? Ensure Data Accuracy
Learn how ultrasonic cell disruptors eliminate yeast cell aggregation to ensure accurate single-cell analysis in flow cytometry.
What Is The Role Of Ptfe Products In Carbon Paste Electrodes (Cpe)? Enhance Precision In Electrochemical Sensing
Discover how PTFE tubing acts as the essential insulating and protective housing in Carbon Paste Electrodes to ensure data integrity and accuracy.
What Are The Functions Of Platinum Sheet And Ag/Agcl Electrodes In Corrosion Testing? Master Electrochemical Precision
Learn how the Ag/AgCl reference electrode and platinum counter electrode ensure accurate voltage and current in electrochemical corrosion systems.
What Are The Advantages Of Using A Platinum (Pt) Electrode For Zirconium Testing? Ensure High-Precision Data Integrity
Learn why Platinum electrodes are essential for testing zirconium polarization curves, offering chemical inertness and superior conductivity.
What Is The Role Of A High-Precision Potentiostat In Indium Electrowinning? Optimize Your Kinetic Studies Today
Learn how high-precision potentiostats and electrochemical workstations analyze kinetics, overpotentials, and electrolytes in indium electrowinning.
Why Is A Quartz Reaction Vessel Required For Ag/Zno Photoreduction? Maximize 365Nm Uv Efficiency
Learn why quartz vessels are essential for Ag/ZnO photoreduction, offering superior UV transparency at 365nm for uniform silver reduction.
Why Is The Gas Diffusion Electrode (Gde) Essential For H2O2 Yield? Unlock Efficient Oxygen Reduction Performance
Learn how Gas Diffusion Electrodes (GDE) overcome oxygen solubility limits to boost hydrogen peroxide yield via three-phase interface stability.
How Do Precision Coating And Multi-Stage Thermal Treatment Ensure Supercapacitor Electrode Performance? Expert Guide
Learn how precision coating and 40°C/120°C/160°C thermal treatment optimize coconut shell activated carbon electrodes for stability.
What Are The Specific Functions Of The Platinum Counter Electrode And The Silver/Silver Chloride Reference Electrode? Guide
Understand the roles of Pt counter and Ag/AgCl reference electrodes in decoupling current and potential for accurate electrochemical testing.
What Critical Role Does A Platinum Counter Electrode Play In Bioelectrochemical Reactions? Ensure Data Purity And Stability
Learn how platinum counter electrodes stabilize electrical circuits and protect biological integrity in electrochemical systems.
What Is The Primary Function Of High-Purity Graphite Electrodes In Ac Leaching? Powering Efficient Metal Recovery
Learn how high-purity graphite electrodes act as insoluble conductive media to drive AC electrochemical leaching and recover precious metals.
What Are The Roles Of Pt And Ag/Agcl Electrodes In Sb2S3 Testing? Optimize Your Photoelectrochemical Research
Learn how platinum counter electrodes and Ag/AgCl reference electrodes ensure accurate energy band analysis and current flow for Sb2S3 testing.
Why Are Boron-Doped Diamond (Bdd) Electrodes Ideal For Microplastic Decomposition? Powering Total Mineralization
Discover why BDD electrodes are the top choice for microplastic decomposition through hydroxyl radical generation and wide potential windows.
What Are The Advantages Of Aluminum Electrodes In Microplastic Electrocoagulation? Enhance Treatment And Durability
Discover why aluminum electrodes outperform iron in electrocoagulation, offering higher COD removal and lower maintenance for water treatment.
What Are The Advantages Of Using A Platinum Mesh As A Cathode For Cuox Nanowire Synthesis? Ensure Purity & Uniformity
Learn why platinum mesh is the ideal cathode for CuOx nanowire synthesis, offering electrochemical inertness and uniform electric field distribution.
What Are The Functions Of Platinum Counter And Ag/Agcl Reference Electrodes? Master Eis Precision
Learn how platinum counter electrodes and Ag/AgCl reference electrodes ensure stability and accuracy in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy.
What Is The Role Of A Customized Pressure Cell In Testing Battery Performance? Ensure Stable High-Areal Capacity Cycling
Learn how customized pressure cells apply mechanical force to maintain particle contact and prevent resistance in high-loading battery testing.
What Role Does A Stainless Steel Electrode Play As A Cathode? Powering Chlorate Synthesis With Precision
Learn how stainless steel cathodes drive chlorate synthesis by generating hydroxyl ions and facilitating the critical water reduction process.
What Are The Advantages Of Ir Spectrophotometry? Rapid, Non-Destructive Chemical Analysis For Your Lab
Discover the key advantages of IR spectrophotometry: fast functional group identification, non-destructive analysis, and versatile sample handling for labs.
What Is The Specific Application Of A Platinum Electrode In Electrochemical Testing Of Nicrcotiv High-Entropy Alloys?
Learn why platinum electrodes are essential as auxiliary electrodes for accurate EIS and polarization testing of high-entropy alloys.
What Are The Necessary Pre-Treatment Steps For A Platinum Disk Electrode Before An Experiment? Achieve Reliable Electrochemical Data
Learn the essential pre-treatment steps for platinum disk electrodes, including mechanical polishing and chemical cleaning, to ensure accurate and reproducible electrochemical results.
What Are The Recommended Maintenance Procedures For A Glassy Carbon Sheet? Ensure Reliable Electrochemical Results
Learn the essential steps for maintaining glassy carbon sheets: polishing, cleaning, and verification to ensure accurate, reproducible electrochemical data.
What Are The Standard Specifications For Platinum Wire And Rod Electrodes? Select The Right Form Factor For Your Experiment
Learn the standard sizes for Pt wire (0.5x37mm, 1x37mm) and rod (1x5mm, 1x10mm) electrodes, plus how to choose based on surface area, current density, and application.
What Operating Conditions Must Be Controlled When Using A Proton Exchange Membrane? Master Temperature, Humidity, And Pressure
Learn how to control temperature, humidity, and pressure for optimal PEM performance and longevity. Avoid degradation and ensure reliable operation.
What Are The Pre-Treatment Steps Before Using A Portable Copper Sulfate Reference Electrode? Ensure Accurate Corrosion Potential Measurements
Learn the 4 essential pre-treatment steps for a portable copper sulfate electrode: inspection, saturation, stabilization, and verification for reliable data.
How Should Carbon Paper Used In A Fuel Cell Be Maintained? Prevent Ptfe Degradation For Peak Performance
Learn the key maintenance step: periodic acetic acid rinsing to neutralize alkali buildup and preserve your fuel cell's carbon paper GDL.
What Is The Polishing Cloth For Electrodes? A Guide To Achieving Reproducible Electrochemical Results
Learn how electrode polishing cloths work with abrasive slurries to create clean, active surfaces for accurate and reliable electrochemical measurements.
What Is The Reference Electrode Value Of Ag Agcl? Ensure Accurate Electrochemical Measurements
Discover the standard potential of Ag/AgCl reference electrodes (+0.197 V vs. SHE), key factors affecting stability, and best practices for precise lab results.
Why Is A Platinum Wire Commonly Used As A Counter Electrode In The Corrosion Research Of Alumina Ceramics? Data Purity
Discover why platinum wire is the ideal counter electrode for alumina ceramic corrosion research due to its chemical inertness and conductivity.
Why Is A Carbon Rod Preferred As A Counter Electrode? Achieve Accurate Cyclic Polarization For Fecrniconb0.5 Alloys
Learn why carbon rods are essential for FeCrNiCoNb0.5 alloy testing, offering chemical stability, high conductivity, and pure signal isolation.
What Is The Significance Of Using A 2032-Type Coin Cell Configuration? Isolate Intrinsic Graphene Performance.
Learn why the 2032-type coin cell configuration is essential for abiotic testing of graphene, isolating intrinsic electrochemical properties.
What Are The Roles Of Ag/Agcl And Platinum Electrodes? Enhance Accuracy In Your Electrochemical Measurement Systems
Learn how Ag/AgCl reference electrodes provide stable baselines and Platinum counter electrodes drive current in electrochemical research.
Why Are Multiple Ag/Agcl Reference Electrodes Placed At Different Heights In Bedbes? Mapping Potential Heterogeneity
Learn how multi-point Ag/AgCl electrode monitoring optimizes fixed-bed bioelectrochemical systems by quantifying ohmic drops and potential gradients.
What Function Does A Carbon Fiber Brush Electrode Serve In An Embr? Boost Cod Removal And Membrane Longevity
Learn how carbon fiber brush electrodes act as high-efficiency anodes in EMBRs to optimize bacterial growth and prevent membrane fouling.
Why Are High-Density Graphite Or Metal Baskets Necessary For Actinide Oxide Reduction? Key Roles In Direct Electrolysis
Learn why graphite and metal baskets are vital for the electrolytic reduction of actinide oxides, serving as both containers and current collectors.
What Are The Functions Of The Ag/Agcl Reference Electrode And The Platinum Wire In (U1−Xthx)O2 Film Oxidation Studies?
Learn how Ag/AgCl reference electrodes and platinum counter electrodes enable precise oxidation mechanism analysis for (U1−xThx)O2 thin films.
How Do Continuous Flow Microreactors Improve Co2 Conversion? Maximize Photoelectrochemical Efficiency & Selectivity
Learn how continuous flow microreactors outperform batch systems in CO2 conversion by enhancing mass transfer and reducing diffusion limits.
How Does An Electrochemical Anodization System Contribute To Highly Ordered 1D Tio2 Nanotube Arrays?
Learn how electrochemical anodization systems precisely sculpt TiO2 nanotubes for electronics and medical implants through controlled voltage.
Why Is Boron-Doped Diamond (Bdd) Selected As The Anode Material For Eo Processes? Achieve Complete Mineralization
Discover why Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD) is the premier anode for electrooxidation, offering high oxygen evolution potential and complete TOC removal.
Why Is A Glassy Carbon Electrode Used As A Substrate For Paracetamol Biomimetic Sensors? Expert Substrate Insights
Discover why GCE is the ultimate substrate for paracetamol sensors, featuring high conductivity, stability, and a wide electrochemical window.
What Is The Purpose Of Specialized Pressure Devices In Sulfide Solid-State Batteries? Ensure Chemo-Mechanical Stability
Learn how continuous external pressure prevents interface detachment and mitigates chemo-mechanical failure in sulfide solid-state batteries.
Why Is A Platinum Wire Electrode Considered An Essential Consumable? Ensure Purity In Electrochemical Characterization
Learn why platinum's chemical inertness and conductivity make it the gold standard for counter electrodes in electrochemical characterization.
What Are The Advantages Of Using A Circulating Electrolytic Cell? Boost Pollutant Degradation With Active Flow Control
Learn how circulating electrolytic cells with peristaltic pumps overcome mass transfer limits for efficient organic pollutant degradation.
Why Is A High-Purity Graphite Rod Selected As The Auxiliary Electrode? Achieve Precision In Electrochemical Testing
Learn why high-purity graphite is the top choice for auxiliary electrodes in corrosion tests due to its chemical inertness and high conductivity.
What Is The Purpose Of Ptfe In Gas Diffusion Electrodes? Optimize Pore Structure & Prevent Electrode Flooding
Learn how PTFE acts as a hydrophobic binder in gas diffusion electrodes to manage water, prevent flooding, and maintain the three-phase interface.
How Does The Sse Reference Electrode Ensure Data Comparability In Zircaloy-2 Tests? Achieve Stable Corrosion Research
Learn how the Saturated Silver/Silver Chloride (SSE) electrode provides a stable baseline for Zircaloy-2 pitting corrosion tests in radiation.
What Is The Function Of A Platinum Mesh Counter Electrode? Optimize Nitinol Coating Corrosion Testing With Kintek
Learn why platinum mesh electrodes are essential for testing coated Nitinol, ensuring circuit stability and precise corrosion data in labs.
What Are The Functions Of Helical Platinum Wire And Silver/Silver Chloride Electrodes? Expert Corrosion Testing Guide
Learn how helical platinum wire and Ag/AgCl electrodes function as counter and reference electrodes in electrochemical corrosion testing.
What Are The Advantages Of Selecting Platinum Foil As A Counter Electrode? Ensure Precision In Ni-Cr Alloy Experiments
Discover why platinum foil is the ideal counter electrode for Ni-Cr alloy dissolution, offering unmatched chemical inertness and data reliability.
What Technical Advantages Do Carbon Graphite Electrodes Offer For Electroactive Biofilms? Optimize Your Bio-Research
Explore why carbon graphite is the gold standard for electroactive biofilms, offering superior conductivity, stability, and biocompatibility.
What Role Does A Tungsten Electrode Play In Monitoring Mgoh+ In Molten Salts? Expert Cyclic Voltammetry Insights
Learn how tungsten electrodes enable real-time detection of corrosive MgOH+ impurities in molten chloride salts using Cyclic Voltammetry.
Why Is A Battery Test Fixture With Pressure Control Functionality Necessary For All-Solid-State Battery Testing?
Learn why pressure-controlled fixtures are vital for all-solid-state batteries to maintain ionic pathways and manage material volume changes.
What Is The Primary Function Of Sacrificial Iron Electrodes? Optimize Electrocoagulation For Water Treatment
Learn how sacrificial iron electrodes generate in-situ coagulants through electrolysis to efficiently remove organic carbon and micropollutants.
What Role Does A Platinum Wire Counter Electrode Play In A Three-Electrode Mfc? Ensure High-Precision Data Integrity
Learn how platinum wire counter electrodes balance redox reactions and complete circuits in MFC systems without introducing chemical noise.
How Does A Pulse Current Assisted Sintering (Pcas) System Achieve Rapid Densification? Faster, Stronger Nial-Al2O3
Learn how PCAS uses internal Joule heat and plasma discharge to achieve rapid densification of NiAl-Al2O3 materials in just 5 minutes.
What Are The Advantages Of Using Ptfe Molds For Epoxy Resin Flame Retardant Samples? Ensure High-Purity Material Testing
Discover why PTFE molds are essential for flame retardant testing, offering non-stick properties and chemical purity for epoxy resin composites.
What Are The Advantages Of Titanium-Based Mixed Metal Oxide (Dsa) Electrodes? Boost Bioremediation Efficiency
Compare DSA vs. carbon electrodes in bioremediation. Learn how Titanium Mixed Metal Oxide offers better stability and energy efficiency.
What Are The Advantages Of Using Ptfe Molds For Wbpuu Films? Ensure Purity And Perfect Demolding
Learn why PTFE molds are essential for WBPUU composite films, offering low surface energy, chemical purity, and easy non-destructive demolding.
How Do Pecvd Systems Improve Dlc Coatings On Implants? Superior Durability And Biocompatibility Explained
Learn how PECVD enhances DLC coatings for implants by optimizing sp3 bonds and low-temperature deposition for maximum wear resistance.
What Are The Advantages Of Utilizing Polytetrafluoroethylene (Ptfe) Sheets As Casting Substrates? | Kintek Solution
Learn how PTFE substrates improve composite solid-state electrolyte fabrication by preventing adhesion, tearing, and chemical contamination.
Why Is Hot Pressing Preferred For Uhmwpe Radiation Shielding? Overcome High Viscosity For Superior Density
Learn why hot pressing is essential for UHMWPE radiation shields, overcoming melt viscosity to create dense, void-free protective composites.
What Role Does The Rrde Play In Catalyst Evaluation For H2O2 Synthesis? Enhance Selectivity And Kinetic Precision
Learn how the Rotating Ring-Disk Electrode (RRDE) distinguishes reaction pathways and quantifies H2O2 selectivity in catalyst research.
Why Is A Matching Network Indispensable In Rf-Pecvd For Siloxane Films? Ensure Stable Plasma And Uniform Deposition
Learn why the matching network is vital for RF-PECVD: it regulates impedance, minimizes reflected power, and ensures stable siloxane film quality.
Why Is A Constant Temperature Control System Required For Electrochemical Corrosion Testing In Sbf? Key To Lab Accuracy
Learn why precise 37°C temperature control is vital for Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) testing to ensure accurate medical implant corrosion data.
Why Are Non-Active Bdd Anodes Selected For Wastewater Treatment? Achieve Total Pollutant Mineralization
Learn why non-active BDD anodes are essential for complete mineralization of organic pollutants through high oxygen evolution potential.
What Are The Advantages And Applications Of Electronic Thin Films? Precision Engineering For High-Efficiency Design
Explore the benefits of electronic thin films, from superior insulation and conductivity to critical applications in semiconductors and energy.
What Are Some Specific Applications Of High-Density Plasma Cvd (Hdp-Cvd)? Master Gap-Fill For Semiconductors
Explore HDP-CVD applications in semiconductor manufacturing, including STI, ILD, and PMD for void-free deposition in high-aspect-ratio structures.
How Does A Two-Electrode Dc System Influence Coating Quality? Achieve Dense Trivalent Chromium On 304L Stainless Steel
Learn how two-electrode DC systems optimize growth kinetics for dense, uniform trivalent chromium coatings on 304L stainless steel substrates.
Why Are Cell Disruption Systems Required For Harvesting Intracellular Nanoparticles? Unlock Your Bio-Synthetic Potential
Learn why mechanical disruption is vital for recovering intracellular nanoparticles and how to optimize cell wall rupture for maximum yield.
How Does A Three-Electrode System Using A Platinum Wire Reference Electrode Help In Analyzing Battery Overpotential?
Learn how three-electrode systems isolate anode/cathode performance and quantify ohmic resistance for battery optimization.
Why Is A Ptfe Liner Essential For The Hydrothermal Growth Of Copper Sulfate Nanocrystals? Protect Purity And Equipment
Learn why PTFE liners are mandatory for hydrothermal synthesis: they prevent acid corrosion and protect copper sulfate nanocrystal purity.
What Are The Technical Advantages Of Using Ceramic Materials As Membranes In Mfc Stacks? Boost Scalability And Durability
Discover why ceramic membranes excel in MFC stacks, offering superior durability, cost-effectiveness, and structural-functional integration.
What Are The Advantages Of Cold Sintering Process (Csp) For Solid-State Electrolytes? Save Energy And Lithium Integrity
Discover why the Cold Sintering Process (CSP) outperforms traditional furnaces for LATP/LAGP by preventing lithium loss at sub-300°C temperatures.
Why Is A Pyrex Glass Reaction Cell Preferred For Photocatalytic Reaction Systems? Key Benefits For Labs
Discover why Pyrex glass is the top choice for photocatalytic reaction cells, offering unmatched optical transparency and thermal stability.
Why Are Graphite Granules Preferred As Electrode Materials In A Fixed-Bed Anode System? Maximize Microbial Flux
Discover why graphite granules are the top choice for fixed-bed anodes, offering high surface area for superior microbial colonization and flux.
Why Is A High-Vacuum Reaction Chamber Necessary For Cvd Of Tio2? Master Film Purity & Precision
Learn why a high-vacuum chamber is essential for TiO2 thin film CVD, from controlling gas kinetics to ensuring chemical purity and uniformity.
What Is The Function Of A Laboratory Rde System For Oer Catalysts? Optimize Kinetic Activity Screening
Learn how Laboratory Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) systems isolate intrinsic kinetic activity and eliminate mass transfer for OER catalyst research.
How Does An Electrochemical Workstation Evaluate B4C Corrosion? Master Precise Resistance Testing For Composites
Learn how electrochemical workstations use three-electrode systems to evaluate B4C composite corrosion through OCP, polarization curves, and EIS.
Why Is An Alumina Crucible Selected For The Cacl2-Nacl Molten Salt System? Ensure High Purity And Thermal Stability
Learn why alumina crucibles are essential for CaCl2-NaCl electrolysis, offering superior chemical inertness and resistance to corrosive chlorides.
Why Must Li2S–Gese2–P2S5 Electrolytes Be Pressurized During Eis Testing? Optimizing Solid-State Conductivity Analysis
Learn why applying pressure to Li2S–GeSe2–P2S5 electrolytes during EIS is crucial to eliminate voids and reveal true intrinsic ionic conductivity.
What Are The Roles Of Pt Counter And Ag/Agcl Reference Electrodes? Master Precision In Electrochemical Testing
Learn why Platinum counter electrodes and Ag/AgCl reference electrodes are critical for accurate electrochemical current and potential measurement.
How Does Pecvd Equipment Facilitate Sic Deposition On Sensitive Substrates? Unlock Low-Temp Thin Film Solutions
Learn how PECVD replaces heat with plasma to deposit Silicon Carbide (SiC) thin films on polymers and delicate materials at lower temperatures.
Why Is Peek Selected As The Cylinder Material For Pellet Cell Molds? Achieve High-Pressure Stability & Data Accuracy
Learn why PEEK is essential for solid-state battery molds, offering extreme 375 MPa pressure resistance and total electrical isolation.